Australia
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Overview
Background

Australia is the sixth largest country in the world, with a land area of 7.7 million km2 and the third largest marine jurisdiction. Australia’s population is 25.7 million people (2020). Most people live in urban areas along the eastern and western coastal regions. Over 85% of Australians live within 50 km of the coastline. Australia has a strong and open economy that has grown continuously for over 25 consecutive years. GDP per capita was approximately $51,812 in 2020. Australia has a service-based economy with services accounting for 66% GDP (2020). The country is an exporter of natural resources, energy and food. 

The Australian continent covers a large range of climate zones, from the tropics in the north to the arid interior and temperate regions in the south. Overall, Australia is the driest of all inhabited continents, with considerable rainfall and temperature variability both across the country and from year to year. Australia’s geography, coastal population concentrations and biodiversity render it particularly vulnerable to small variations in climate. Australia submitted its updated Nationally Determined Contribution to the UNFCCC in 2020, and its Seventh National Communication in 2018.

Credits: World Bank

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Background

Australia is the sixth largest country in the world, with a land area of 7.7 million km2 and the third largest marine jurisdiction. Australia’s population is 25.7 million people (2020). Most people live in urban areas along the eastern and western coastal regions. Over 85% of Australians live within 50 km of the coastline. Australia has a strong and open economy that has grown continuously for over 25 consecutive years. GDP per capita was approximately $51,812 in 2020. Australia has a service-based economy with services accounting for 66% GDP (2020). The country is an exporter of natural resources, energy and food. 

The Australian continent covers a large range of climate zones, from the tropics in the north to the arid interior and temperate regions in the south. Overall, Australia is the driest of all inhabited continents, with considerable rainfall and temperature variability both across the country and from year to year. Australia’s geography, coastal population concentrations and biodiversity render it particularly vulnerable to small variations in climate. Australia submitted its updated Nationally Determined Contribution to the UNFCCC in 2020, and its Seventh National Communication in 2018.

Credits: World Bank

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LDN
Land Degradation Neutrality

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NBSAP
National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans under the Convention on Biological Diversity

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NDC
Nationally Determined Contributions embody efforts by each country to reduce national emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change.

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